The text of the Qur'an consists of 114 chapters of varying lengths, each known as a sura. The Qur'an is the literal word of God, revealed to Muhammad (pbuh) through the Angel Gabriel. The Qur'an is a book of divine guidance and direction for humanity and its text is in its original Arabic form. The Qur'an assumes familiarity with major narratives recounted in Jewish and Christian scriptures, summarizing some, dwelling at length on others, and, in some cases, presenting alternative accounts and interpretations of events. These started with the messages revealed to Adam, the first prophet, and continued with the Suhuf Ibrahim (Scrolls of Abraham), the Tawrat (Torah) of Moses, the Zabur (Tehillim or Book of Psalms) of David, and the Injil (Gospel) of Jesus.
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The Qur'an is the main miracle of Muhammad (pbuh), as proof of his prophethood, and as the culmination of a series of divine messages. Muhammad approved these recitations and also compiled the Qur'an in written form while he was alive. Most of Muhammad's (pbuh) tens of thousands of companions, called Sahabas, learned the Qur'an by heart and repeatedly recited in front of Muhammad (pbuh) for his approval or the approval of other Sahabas. The Qur'an was memorized, recited and written down by Muhammad's (pbuh) companions after every revelation dictated by Muhammad. The Qur'an was repeatedly revealed from Allah (God) to Muhammad (pbuh) verbally through the Arch Angel Jibril (Gabriel) over a period of approximately twenty-three years, beginning in 610 CE, when he was forty, and concluding in 632 CE, the year of his death. The Qur'an is the verbal divine guidance and moral direction for mankind and the final revelation of God! The final Testament! The Qur'an is the religious text of Islam and is widely regarded as the finest piece of literature in the Arabic language.
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